====== Null mutants and CRISPR/Cas knockouts and mutagenesis ======

P450 phenotypes or activities as revealed by null mutants and CRISPR/Cas knockouts and mutagenesis: For null mutants the phenotype is indicated. For CRISPR/Cas (indicated as CC9), the result is lower toxicity or metabolism of the listed chemical(s). Negative results are listed when available.



|^CYP^species^null mutants or CRISPR/Cas9^reference^
^CYP2 clan|||| 
^CYP15B1| Aedes aegypti |CC9: null mutant viable,impairs reproductive success|Nouzova et al., 2021 |
^CYP15C1|Bombyx mori| //mod// null mutant causes precocious metamorphosis,  rescued by transgenic expression of wt CYP15C1  | Daimon et al., 2012|
^CYP18A1|Drosophila melanogaster|P-element insertion causes pupal lethality  |Guittard et al., 2011|
^CYP303A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//nomph// mutants disrupt development of sensory bristles |Willingham & Keil, 2004|
^CYP303A1|Drosophila melanogaster|null mutants cause embryonic lethality, rescued by transgenic expression of wt | Wu et al., 2019|
^CYP304F1|Spodoptera litura|CC9:ß-cypermethrin, chlorpyriphos,no effect on fenvalerate,cyhalothrin, phoxim|Xu et al., 2022| 
^CYP306A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//phantom// (//phm//)E7 mutant allele causes embryonic lethality   |Niwa et al., 2004; Warren et al., 2004|
^CYP306A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//phantom// (//phm//)null alleles block border cell migration when the entire   follicular epithelium of an egg chamber is mutant|Domanitskaya et al., 2014|
^CYP307A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//spook// (//spo//) mutants cause embryonic lethality,  rescued by transgenic expression of Drosophila or Bombyx wt|Namiki et al., 2005, Ono et al., 2006|
^CYP360A8|Daphnia magna|CC9:paraquat|Religia et al., 2021|
^CYP384A1|Tetranychus kanzawai|//lemon// mutant inactivates carotenoid ketolase activity |Wybouw et al., 2019|
^CYP384A1|Tetranychus urticae|CC9: mutant inactivates carotenoid ketolase activity: yellow colored mites |De Rouck et al., 2024|   
^CYP3 clan|||| 
^CYP6A17|Drosophila melanogaster|deltamethrin | Duneau et al., 2018|
^CYP6A17|Drosophila melanogaster|permethrin | Battlay et al., 2018|
^CYP6B207 (wrongly called CYP6B1)and CYP6B215 (wrongly called CYP6B5k)|Papilio xuthus|CC9: G0 larvae with both genes edited: growth and development inhibited after xanthotoxin feeding|Miyashita et al., 2024|
^CYP6D2|Drosophila melanogaster|camptothecin, but not topotecan or irinotecan  | Thomas et al., 2013| 
^CYP6D4|Drosophila melanogaster|viable, no effect on toxicity of 8 insecticides| Hardstone et al., 2006|
^CYP6G1|Drosophila melanogaster| CC9: imidacloprid (but not in Canton-S) | Denecke et al., 2017|
^CYP6G1|Drosophila melanogaster| CC9: malathion, azinphos-methyl, diazinon| Battlay et al., 2018|
^CYP6G2|Drosophila melanogaster| CC9:severe disruption in larval-pupal metamorphosis, reproductive deficiencies, reduced JH titer | Jia et al., 2024|
^CYP6T3|Drosophila melanogaster| CC9: no effect on development,no role in ecdysteroidogenesis |Shimell & O'Connor, 2022|
^CYP6AE14to12|Helicoverpa armigera| CC9: cluster KO, xanthotoxin, 2-tridecanone, esfenvalerate, indoxacarb|Wang et al, 2018|
^CYP6BQ7|Tribolium castaneum| CC9: artemisia essential oil|Zhang et al., 2021|
^CYP6CS1|Nilaparvata lugens| CC9: imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, dinotefuran,pymetrozine,but NOT chlorpyrifos, buprofezin, triflumezopyrim|Zhang et al., 2023|
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|CC9:imidacloprid,thiacloprid,acetamiprid,nitenpyram,clothianidin,dinotefuran,flupyradifurone,sulfoxaflor|Zhang et al., 2023|
^CYP9A9|Spodoptera exigua|CC9:2 copies of CYP9A9, λ-cyhalothrin |Zuo et al., 2025|
^CYP9A98to40|Spodoptera exigua| CC9:cluster KO with CYP9A186(F116V), abamectin, emamectin benzoate|Zuo et al. 2021|
^CYP9A107to40|Spodoptera exigua| CC9: cluster KO, no change in resistance level|Zuo et al. 2021|
^CYP9A98to107|Spodoptera exigua| CC9: cluster KO with CYP9A186(F116V), abamectin, emamectin benzoate|Zuo et al. 2021| 
^CYP9A186(F116V)|Spodoptera exigua|CC9:abamectin, emamectin benzoate|Zuo et al. 2021|
^CYP9A98to40|Spodoptera exigua|CC9: 10 genes cluster KO,esfenvalerate, abamectin, indoxacarb, imperatorin|Shi et al. 2023|
^CYP9A60to32|Spodoptera frugiperda| CC9: 13 genes cluster KO,esfenvalerate, abamectin, xanthotoxin|Shi et al. 2023|
^CYP9M10|Culex quinquefasciatus| TALEN knockout / permethrin|Itokawa et al., 2016|
^CYP4 clan|||| 
^CYP4D8|Drosophila melanogaster|spinosad, but decreased toxicity of zeta-permethrin|Tabuloc et al.,2024|
^CYP4D14|Drosophila melanogaster|zeta-permethrin, spinosad|Tabuloc et al.,2024|
^CYP4D21 (wrongly called SXE1)|Drosophila melanogaster|decreased mating success of male null mutants,lipid profile in male heads altered|Fujii et al., 2008|
^CYP4G1|Drosophila melanogaster|null mutants die at late pupal stage / adult eclosion  | Gutierrez et al., 2007| 
^CYP4G8|Helicoverpa armigera| CC9: blocks Me-branched CHC and lethal at pupation  | Xin et al., 2022| 
^CYP4G9, G10, G26, G87|Helicoverpa armigera| CC9:cluster KO of 4G1-type: no effect noticed| Xin et al., 2022| 
^Mito clan||||   
^CYP301A1|Drosophila melanogaster|piggyBac insertion in CYP301A1 changing C-terminal from KMTRV* to NPRKIIIL* cause abdominal cuticle defects at adult emergence| Sztal et al., 2012|
^CYP302A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//disembodied//(//dib//)mutants cause embryonic lethality  |Warren et al. 2002 |
^CYP314A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//shade//(//shd//)mutants cause embryonic lethality  | Petryk et al 2003|
^CYP314A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//shade//(//shd//)null allele blocks border cell migration when the entire follicular epithelium of an egg chamber is mutant|Domanitskaya et al., 2014|
^CYP314A1|Drosophila melanogaster|CC9: KO cell line has elevated dengue virus 2 replication|Li et al., 2024|
^CYP315A1|Drosophila melanogaster|//shadow// (//sad//) mutants cause embryonic lethality |Warren et al. 2002|
^CYP315A1|Bombyx mori |CC9: 14 aa deletion mutants cannot molt from 2nd to 3rd instar | Zhu et al. 2021|