Arthropod P450 Dokuwiki

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===== In vitro activities =====

key:
P: purified enzyme       
E: E.coli expression     
B: baculovirus expression                  
D: Drosophila cell transfection                  
Y: yeast expression     
O: other expression system. 

Negative results (i.e. no metabolism detected) are listed when available. These are indicative only, because improvements in assay systems can turn a negative result (e.g. metabolism below the limit of detection) to a positive one. Positive results also need to be interpreted with caution. 

|^CYP^species^in vitro activity ^reference^
^**CYP2 clan**||||
^[[cyp15|CYP15A1]]|Diploptera punctata|P: methyl farnesoate|Helvig et al. 2004a|
^CYP15A1|Tribolium castaneum|O: (Sf9 transfection) methyl farnesoate, farnesoic acid|Minakuchi et al., 2015|
^CYP15A1|Apis mellifera|P: methyl farnesoate|Hou et al., 2023|
^CYP15C1|Bombyx mori|D: farnesoic acid 18x> methyl farnesoate|Daimon et al., 2012|
^CYP18A1|Drosophila melanogaster|D:20-hydroxyecdysone|Guittard et al., 2011|
^CYP18A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: ethoxycoumarin, aldrin|Shi et al. 2022|
^CYP18B1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: BOMR|Shi et al. 2022|
^CYP303A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B:BOMR, 2-tridecanone|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP304F1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: BOMR|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP305B1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: aldrin, esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP305D1|Apis mellifera|E: NOT imidacloprid or thiacloprid|Alptekin et al., 2016|
^CYP306A1|Drosophila melanogaster|D: 2,22,25-trideoxyecdysone|Warren et al., 2004| 
^CYP306A1|Bombyx mori|D: 2,22,25-trideoxyecdysone|Niwa et al., 2004|
^CYP306A1|Manduca sexta|D: 2,22,25-trideoxyecdysone|Rewitz et al 2006|
^CYP306A1|Mamestra brassicae|D: 2,22,25-trideoxyecdysone|Ogihara et al. 2017|
^CYP306A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: ethoxycoumarin, BOMR|Shi et al. 2022|
^CYP306A2 (2?)|Nilaparvata lugens |D: ketodiol>ketotriol|Zhou et al. 2020| 
^CYP307A2 (wrongly called 307A1)|Helicoverpa armigera|B: BOMR|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP392A1|Tetranychus cinnabarius|E: cyflumetofen|Feng et al., 2023|
^CYP392A1|Tetranychus urticae|E: NOT amitraz, NOT chlorfenapyr|Vandenhole et al., 2024|
^CYP392A11|Tetranychus urticae|E: cyenopyrafen, fenpyroximate, EC, luciferin-ME-EGE|Riga et al., 2015|
^CYP392A11|Tetranychus urticae|E: NOT amitraz, NOT chlorfenapyr|Vandenhole et al., 2024|
^CYP392A11|Tetranychus urticae|E:bifenazate, cyenopyrafen fenpyroximate, carbaryl, pyflubumide,chlorpyrifos, 7EC, 7EFC |Tsakireli et al., 2024|
^CYP392A16|Tetranychus urticae|E: abamectin, pyflubumide carboxamide, luciferin-ME-EGE  NOT hexythiazox, clofentezine, bifenthrin|Riga et al., 2014; Fotoukkiaii et al., 2021|
^CYP392A16|Tetranychus urticae|E: amitraz, NOT chlorfenapyr|Vandenhole et al., 2024|
^CYP392A16|Tetranychus urticae|E:abamectin, amitraz,etoxazole, carbaryl, pyflubumide,chlorpyrifos, 7EMC, 7EFC, 7EC |Tsakireli et al., 2024|
^CYP392D2|Tetranychus urticae|E:etoxazole,chlorpyrifos,pyridaben, fenproximate, 7EMC, 7EFC, 7EC|Tsakireli et al., 2024|
^CYP392D8|Tetranychus urticae|NOT abamectin | Xu et al., 2023| 
^CYP392D8|Tetranychus urticae|E: chlorfenapyr, NOT amitraz|Vandenhole et al., 2024|
^CYP392D8|Tetranychus urticae|E:chlorfenapyr,tebufenpyrad,fenazyquin, carbaryl, 7EMC, 7EC|Tsakireli et al., 2024|
^CYP392E7|Tetranychus urticae|E: NOT spirodiclofen|Demaeght et al., 2013|
^CYP392E10|Tetranychus urticae|E & B: spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, NOT spirotetramat|Demaeght et al., 2013|
^CYP392E10|Tetranychus urticae|E: NOT amitraz, NOT chlorfenapyr|Vandenhole et al., 2024|
^CYP3002B2|Varroa destructor|E:amitraz, flumethrin|Mavridis et al., 2025|
^[[cnglc|CYP3201B1]]|Chamberlinius hualieniensis|Y: phenylacetonitrile|Yamaguchi et al. 2018|
^**CYP3 clan**||||
^[[CYP6A1]]|Musca domestica|P: aldrin, heptachlor|Andersen et al., 1994|
^CYP6A1|Musca domestica|P: sesquiterpenoids|Andersen et al., 1997|
^CYP6A1|Musca domestica|P: testosterone, progesterone,androstenedione|Jacobsen et al., 2006 Murataliev et al., 2008|
^CYP6A1|Musca domestica|P: 7-propoxycoumarin, 1-bromochlordene, chlordene, 1-hydroxychlordene, isodrin, pisatin, chlorfenapyr|rev Feyereisen, 2005| 
^CYP6A1|Musca domestica|P: diazinon|Sabourault et al. 2001| 
^CYP6A2|Drosophila melanogaster|Y:aflatoxinB1,7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene,3-amino-1- methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]-indole|Saner et al., 1996| 
^CYP6A2|Drosophila melanogaster|B: aldrin, heptachlor, diazinon|Dunkov et al. 1997|
^CYP6A5|Musca domestica|P: benzphetamine, p-chloro-N-methylaniline, methoxyresorufin|rev Feyereisen, 2005| 
^CYP6A8|Drosophila melanogaster|Y: lauric acid, aldrin|Helvig et al. 2004b|
^CYP6A8|Drosophila melanogaster|P: lauric acid, capric acid|Lee et al. 2022|
^CYP6A36|Musca domestica|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Li et al., 2023| 
^CYP6A51|Ceratitis capitata|E: λ-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin NOT spinosad, malathion|Tsakireli et al. 2019| 
^CYP6A61|Bactrocera oleae|E:a-cypermethrin|Kampouraki et al., 2023|
^CYP6B1|Papilio polyxenes|B: furanocoumarins, a-naphthoflavone, flavone, coumarin,diazinon |Ma et al., 1994, Hung et al., 1997, Wen et al., 2003 Li et al., 2004 Wen et al.,2005|
^CYP6B1|Papilio polyxenes|B: xanthotoxin|Wang et al, 2018|
^CYP6B2|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP6B2|Helicoverpa armigera |P:ZQ-8 (a terpene ester)|Yang et al. 2025| 
^CYP6B3|Papilio polyxenes|B: furanocoumarins, a-naphthoflavone|Wen et al., 2006|
^CYP6B4|Papilio glaucus|B: furanocoumarins, ethoxycoumarin|Hung et al., 1997, Li et al., 2003| 
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa armigera|P: ethoxycoumarin|Liu et al., 2013| 
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa armigera|E: esfenvalerate|Tian et al., 2017| 
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa armigera|E: capsaicin|Tian et al., 2019|
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa armigera|E: capsaicin, dehydrocapsaicin|Xiong et al., 2025|
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa assulta|E: diazinon, malathion, phoxim,propoxur,esfenvalerate, NOT several others|Xiong et al., 2024|
^CYP6B6|Helicoverpa assulta|E: capsaicin, dehydrocapsaicin|Xiong et al., 2025|
^CYP6B7|Helicoverpa armigera |O:Pichia. p-nitroanisole, ECOD, fenvalerate, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos|Zhao et al., 2017, 2018|
^CYP6B7|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021| 
^CYP6B8|Helicoverpa zea|B: chlorogenic acid, quercetin, rutin, xanthotoxin, flavone, indole-3-carbinol, a-cypermethrin, carbaryl, diazinon, aldrin|Li et al. 2004; Wen et al., 2009; Hopkins et al. 2010?| 
^CYP6B17|Papilio glaucus|B: furanocoumarins, ethoxycoumarin|Li et al., 2003| 
^CYP6B21|Papilio glaucus|B: furanocoumarins, ethoxycoumarin|Li et al., 2003| 
^CYP6B25|Papilio canadensis|B: furanocoumarins|Li et al., 2003|
^CYP6B26|Papilio canadensis|B: NOT furanocoumarins|Li et al., 2003|
^CYP6B27|Helicoverpa zea|B: aldrin, diazinon, carbaryl, a-cypermethrin|Wen et al. 2009|
^CYP6B33|Papilio multicaudatus|B: furanocoumarins|Mao et al., 2007|
^CYP6B43|Helicoverpa armigera |B: NOT esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP6B89 (called GP04)|Galleria mellonella|Y(Pichia):polyethylene|Son et al., 2024|
^CYP6D1|Musca domestica|Y: methoxyresorufin|Smith and Scott 1997| 
^CYP6D10|Musca domestica|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Li et al., 2023|
^CYP6G1|Drosophila melanogaster|O: imidacloprid, DDT, methoxychlor|Joussen et al., 2008, 2010| 
^CYP6G1|Drosophila melanogaster|D: five neonicotinoids, "N-sulfoxaflor", NOT sulfoxaflor or "chlorosulfoxaflor"|Sparks et al.2012|
^CYP6G1|Drosophila melanogaster|P: p-nitroanisole, pNAOD inhibition by many compounds|Cheesman et al.2013|
^CYP6G3|Lucilia cuprina|E: p-nitroanisole, EC, imidacloprid, diazinon|Traylor et al., 2017| 
^CYP6G4|Musca domestica |E: propoxur|Zhu et al., 2022| 
^CYP6G4|Musca domestica |E: chlorpyrifos, tetramethrin,methomyl, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, NOT permethrin|Zhu et al., 2023|
^CYP6G6|Bactrocera oleae|E: deltamethrin|Kampouraki et al., 2023|
^CYP6G28|Bactrocera oleae|E:deltamethrin|Kampouraki et al., 2023|
^CYP6M2|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyrethroids, DDT, bendiocarb, pyriproxyfen|Stevenson et al., 2011 Mitchell et al., 2012 Edi et al., 2014 Yunta et al., 2016; Yunta etal., 2019| 
^CYP6M7|Anopheles funestus|E: pyrethroids|Riveron et al.,2014|
^CYP6P2|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyriproxyfen|Yunta et al., 2016|
^CYP6P2|Anopheles gambiae|E: permethrin, etofenprox, deltamethrin; NOT bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin,cypermethrin|Yunta et al., 2019|
^CYP6P3|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyrethroids, bendiocarb , pyriproxyfen,resorufins, luciferins|Muller et al., 2008 Stevenson, 2012 Edi et al., 2014 Yunta et al., 2016 Yunta et al., 2019| 
^CYP6P3|Anopheles gambiae|E: chlorfenapyr|Yunta et al., 2023|
^CYP6P3 E205D allele|Anopheles gambiae|E: permethrin, a-cypermethrin, deltamethrin|Kengne-Ouafo et al., 2024|
^CYP6P4|Anopheles gambiae|E: permethrin, etofenprox, deltamethrin; NOT bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin,cypermethrin|Yunta et al., 2019| 
^CYP6P4|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyriproxyfen|Yunta et al., 2019| 
^CYP6P4|Anopheles arabiensis|E:permethrin and some but NOT all pyrethroids|Ibrahim et al., 2016 |
^CYP6P4a Ghana, Mwi|Anopheles funestus|deltamethrin. a-cypermethrin|E:Tatchou-Nebangwa et al., 2024|
^CYP6P4b Ghana|Anopheles funestus|deltamethrin. a-cypermethrin|E:Tatchou-Nebangwa et al., 2024|
^CYP6P5|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyriproxyfen|Yunta et al., 2016| 
^CYP6P5|Anopheles gambiae|E: permethrin, etofenprox, deltamethrin; NOT bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin,cypermethrin|Yunta et al., 2019|
^CYP6P5|Anopheles albimanus|E: a-cypermethrin, deltamethrin|Kusimo et al. 2022| 
^CYP6P9a|Anopheles funestus|E:pyrethroids, O-dealkylations|Ibrahim et al.,2015, 2016; Yunta et al., 2019| 
^CYP6P9a|Anopheles funestus|E:clothianidin, chlorfenapyr|Tchouakui et al., 2024|
^CYP6P9a|Anopheles funestus|E:permethrin,deltamethrin,a-cypermethrin,DDT,bendiocarb,chlorfenapyr,clothianidin|Ibrahim et al., 2024|
^CYP6P9b|Anopheles funestus|E: pyrethroids, O-dealkylation, NOT DDT|Riveron et al., 2013 Ibrahim et al.,2015, 2016|
^CYP6P9b|Anopheles funestus|E:clothianidin, chlorfenapyr|Tchouakui et al., 2024|
^CYP6P9b|Anopheles funestus|E:permethrin,deltamethrin,DDT,bendiocarb, chlorfenapyr,clothianidin|Ibrahim et al., 2024|
^CYP6P9b|Anopheles funestus|E: V301I variant better metabolizer of pyrethroids, and cleaves off  the phenoybenzoyl ether|Nolte et al., 2022|  
^CYP6P14|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP6Z1|Anopheles gambiae|B: DDT, carbaryl,|Chiu et al., 2008|
^CYP6Z1|Anopheles funestus|E:bendiocarb, pyrethroids|Ibrahim et al.,2016| 
^CYP6Z2|Anopheles gambiae|E: alkoxyresorufins, resveratrol,entrodiol, butein,alpha-naphthoflavone, diltiazem,piceatannol,8-methoxypsoralen,testosterone|McLaughlin et al., 2008 | 
^CYP6Z2|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyriproxyfen|Yunta et al., 2016|
^CYP6Z2|Anopheles gambiae|B: carbaryl|Chiu et al., 2008|  
^CYP6Z2|Anopheles gambiae|Y: non-toxic esterase metabolites of pyr.|Chandor-Proust et al. 2013| 
^CYP6Z8|Aedes aegypti|Y: non-toxic esterase metabolites of pyr.|Chandor-Proust et al. 2013| 
^CYP6AA1|Anopheles funestus|E: bendiocarb, pyrethroids|Ibrahim et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AA3|Anopheles minimus|B: deltamethrin|Boonsuepsakul et al., 2008|
^CYP6AA3|Anopheles minimus|B: benzoyloxyresorufin|Sarapusit et al., 2013| 
^CYP6AB3|Depressaria pastinacella|B: imperatorin|Mao et al., 2006|
^CYP6AB3v2|Depressaria pastinacella|B: imperatorin, myristicin|Mao et al., 2007, 2008| 
^CYP6AB11|Amyelois transitella|B: imperatorin, piperonyl butoxide; NOT xanthotoxin, bergapten,angelicin, coumarin,flavone, a-naphthoflavone,quercetin. kaempferol,chlorogenic acid, myristicin, a-cypermethrin, aldrin,diazinon, aflatoxin B1|Niu et al., 2011| 
^CYP6AB184 (called 13G08)|Galleria mellonella|Y(Pichia):polyethylene|Son et al., 2024| 
^CYP6AE11|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, EFC, BFC, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE11|Helicoverpa armigera|B: 2-tridecanone|Wang et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE12|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, IMI|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE14|Helicoverpa armigera|aldrin|Tao et al., 2012|
^CYP6AE14|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, EFC, BFC, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE14|Helicoverpa armigera|Y: P-nitroanisole, ECOD, gossypol|Chen et al.,2019|
^CYP6AE14|Helicoverpa armigera|B:2-tridecanone|Wang et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE15|Helicoverpa armigera|B: IMI|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE16|Helicoverpa armigera|B: IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE17|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, BFC, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE17|Helicoverpa armigera|B:indoxacarb|Wang et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE18|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, BFC, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018|
^CYP6AE18|Helicoverpa armigera|B:indoxacarb|Wang et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE19|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, EFC. MR, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE19|Helicoverpa armigera|B:xanthotoxin, 2-tridecanone|Wang et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE20|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE24|Helicoverpa armigera|B: EC, IMI, aldrin|Shi et al., 2018| 
^CYP6AE70|Spodoptera exigua|B: chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, 7EC|Hu et al., 2024|
^CYP6AE89|Depressaria pastinacella|P: bergapten, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, imperatorin, sphondin, angelicin|Calla et al. 2020| 
^CYP6AQ1|Apis mellifera|B:flupyradifurone,7-benzyloxymethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin (BOMFC) |Haas et al. 2021| 
^CYP6AQ1|Apis mellifera|B: nicotine | Haas et al., 2023|
^CYP6AQ1|Apis mellifera|B: flupyradifurone, alkoxycoumarins | Xiao et al., 2023|
^CYP6AQ1 orthologs|8 neotropical bee species|B: flupyradifurone, alkoxycoumarins | Xiao et al., 2023|
^CYP6AQ1|Apis mellifera|B:coumaphos oxon, NOT coumaphos|Xiao et al.2024|
^CYP6AS1|Apis mellifera|B: quercetin, not kaempferol,eriodictyol,taxifolin|Mao et al., 2009| 
^CYP6AS3|Apis mellifera|B: quercetin not kaempferol,eriodictyol,taxifolin|Mao et al., 2009| 
^CYP6AS4|Apis mellifera|B: quercetin not kaempferol,eriodictyol,taxifolin|Mao et al., 2009| 
^CYP6AS5|Apis mellifera|E: NOT imidacloprid or thiacloprid|Alptekin et al., 2016|
^CYP6AS10|Apis mellifera|B: quercetin not kaempferol,eriodictyol,taxifolin|Mao et al., 2009|   
^CYP6AY1|Nilaparvata lugens|E:imidacloprid|Ding et al., 2013, Bao et al., 2016 Zhang et al., 2016|
^CYP6AY3v2|Laodelphax striatellus|B: imidacloprid |Wang et al., 2017|
^CYP6BB2|Anopheles gambiae|B: permethrin|Kasai et al., 2014| 
^CYP6BD12|Nilaparvata lugens|E: chlorpyrifos|Zhang et al.2023| 
^CYP6BE1|Apis mellifera|E: NOT imidacloprid or thiacloprid|Alptekin et al., 2016|   
^CYP6BH5|Phaedon cochlaeriae|geraniol 8-hydroxylase (iridoid biosynthesis)|Fu et al., 2019| 
^CYP6BQ9|Tribolium castaneum|B: deltamethrin, benzyloxyresorufin|Zhu et al., 2010|  
^CYP6BQ23|Meligethes aeneus|B: deltamethrin,coumarins and resorufins|Zimmer et al., 2014|
^CYP6BQ23|Meligethes aeneus|B: deltamethrin, BOMFC|King et al., 2023|
^CYP6BQ25|Meligethes aeneus|B: deltamethrin, BOMFC|King et al., 2023| 
^CYP6BU1|Osmia bicornis|B: thiacloprid, imidacloprid|Beadle et al., 2019|
^CYP6BU2|Osmia bicornis|B: thiacloprid, imidacloprid|Beadle et al., 2019| 
^CYP6BW1|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B: diterpenes|Chiu et al. 2019| 
^CYP6BW3|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B: diterpenes|Chiu et al. 2019| 
^CYP6BZ2|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin, ehtoxycoumarin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP6CJ1|Pediculus humanus|B: ivermectin|Kim et al., 2018| 
^CYP6CM1vQ|Bemisia tabaci|E: imidacloprid, alkoxycoumarins, resorufins|Karunker et al., 2009|
^CYP6CM1vQ|Bemisia tabaci|E: clothianidin, thiacloprid, NOT acetamiprid,thiamethoxam|Roditakis et al., 2011|
^CYP6CM1vQ|Bemisia tabaci|E: aldrin|Shi et al., 2018|
^CYP6CM1vQ|Bemisia tabaci|Y: luciferin substrates, pymetrozine,imidacloprid, NOT six others |Li et al., 2023|
^CYP6CM1|Bemisia tabaci|B:pymetrozine|Nauen et al., 2013|
^CYP6CM1|Bemisia tabaci|E: pyriproxifen, NOT flonicamid|Nauen et al., 2015|
^CYP6CM1|Bemisia tabaci|B,D, imidacloprid, clothianidin NOT dinotefuran|Hamada et al. 2019|
^[[cyp6cr1|CYP6CR1]]|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B:(Z)-6-nonen-2-one |Song et al., 2014| 
^CYP6CS3|Sogatella furcifera|E: pymetrozine|Gong et al., 2023|
^CYP6CV5|Chilo suppressalis|B:chlorantraniliprole, MR, EC, EFC, BFC |Xu et al., 2024| 
^CYP6CW1|Nilaparvata lugens|E: imidacloprid|Zhang et al., 2016|    
^CYP6CX3|Bemisia tabaci| B:cyantraniliprole| Zhang et al., 2022|  
^CYP6CY3|Myzus persicae nicotianae|B: nicotine, imidacloprid, clothianidin|Bass et al., 2013| 
^CYP6CY3|Myzus persicae |D: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid,NOT dinotefuran|Nakao et al., 2019|
^CYP6CY3|Myzus persicae nicotianae|B: nicotine|Singh et al., 2020| 
^CYP6CY4|Myzus persicae nicotianae|B: nicotine|Singh et al., 2020|
^CYP6CY12|Acyrthosiphon pisum|B: deltamethrin|Müller et al., 2023| 
^CYP6CY13|Aphis gossypii|D: neonicotinoids, NOT sulfoxaflor|Hirata et al., 2017|
^CYP6CY22|Aphis gossypii|D: neonicotinoids, NOT sulfoxaflor|Hirata et al., 2017|
^CYP6DB3|Bemisia tabaci Q|B: imidacloprid|Wei et al., 2023|
^[[cyp6de1|CYP6DE1]]|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B: a-pinene > t-verbenol|Chiu et al., 2019a|
^CYP6DE3|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B:(+)-α-pinene and other monoterpenes, but NOT exo-brevicomin precursors (Z)-dec-7-enal or (Z)-3-nonene|Nadeau et al., 2017| 
^CYP6DJ1|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B: monoterpenes|Chiu et al. 2019b|
^CYP6DW3|Bemisia tabaci|B: imidacloprid|Xue et al., 2023| 
^CYP6EM1|Bemisia tabaci |B:dinotefuran|Huang et al., 2024|
^CYP6EM1|Bemisia tabaci |B:thiamethoxam|Huang et al., 2025|
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|E:imidacloprid|Bao et al., 2016| 
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|E: imidacloprid|Zhang et al., 2016|
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|B: nitenpyram, imidacloprid|Zhang et al., 2024| 
^CYP6ER1 variants|Nilaparvata lugens|B:imidacloprid, flupyradifurone,not dinotefuran, not sulfoxaflor|Hamada et al., 2020|
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|P: imidacloprid,acetamiprid, nitenpyram|Zhang et al., 2023|
^CYP6ER1|Nilaparvata lugens|B: nitenpyram, imidacloprid NOT tricin, hesperetin, proquamezine, etofenprox|Zhang et al., 2024| 
^CYP6FJ3|Sogatella furcifera|E: NOT pymetrozine|Gong et al., 2023|
^CYP6FD1|Locusta migratoria|B:deltamethrin, luciferin-Me, 7EC, NOT others|Liu et al. 2019| 
^CYP6FE1|Locusta migratoria|B: imidacloprid|Liu et al., 2023| 
^CYP6FJ3|Sogatella furcifera|E: triflumezopyrim|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP6FJ3|Sogatella furcifera|E: pymetrozine|Gong et al., 2023| 
^CYP6FU1|Laodelphax striatellus|B: deltamethrin|Elzaki et al., 2017| 
^CYP6HX3|Pagiophloeus tsushimanus (Coleoptera)|B:D-camphor, linalool, eucalyptol|Li et al., 2025|  
^CYP9A3|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021| 
^CYP9A9|Spodoptera exigua |B:esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A10|Spodoptera exigua |B:imperatorin, esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A11|Spodoptera exigua |B:imperatorin, esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A12 (17)|Helicoverpa armigera|Y: p-nitroanisole, methoxyresorufin,esfenvalerate|Yang et al., 2008| 
^CYP9A12(17)|Helicoverpa armigera|Y: P-nitroanisole, ECOD, gossypol|Chen et al.,2019|
^CYP9A12 (17)|Helicoverpa armigera|E: capsaicin|Tian et al., 2019| 
^CYP9A12 (17)|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP9A12 (17)|Helicoverpa armigera|E:psoralen, xanthotoxin, NOT angelicin or imperatorin |Tian et al., 2024| 
^CYP9A17 (12)|Helicoverpa armigera|E: capsaicin|Tian et al., 2019| 
^CYP9A17 (12)|Helicoverpa armigera|E: bioallethrin, bioresmethrin, esfenvalerate, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin|Tian et al., 2021|
^CYP9A17 (12)|Helicoverpa armigera|E:psoralen, xanthotoxin, NOT angelicin, or imperatorin |Tian et al., 2024|
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera|Y: p-nitroanisole, methoxyresorufin,esfenvalerate|Yang et al., 2008| 
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera|E: MROD, EROD, BROD|Liu et al., 2014| 
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera|E: capsaicin|Tian et al., 2019| 
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera|E: bioallethrin, bioresmethrin, esfenvalerate, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin|Tian et al., 2021| 
^CYP9A14|Helicoverpa armigera|E:psoralen, xanthotoxin, NOT angelicin or imperatorin|Tian et al., 2024| 
^CYP9A15|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021| 
^CYP9A16|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021| 
^CYP9A23|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2021|
^CYP9A24|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: xanthotoxin, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A25|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A25-F116I|Spodoptera litura |B: emamectin benzoate |Shi et al., 2024|
^CYP9A26|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, abamectin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A27|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A27|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, abamectin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A28|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: xanthotoxin, esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A29|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: xanthotoxin,esfenvalerate, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A30|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate, imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A30|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: BFC, BOMC |Amezian et al., 2022|
^CYP9A30|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A31|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: BFC, BOMC, EFC, EC |Amezian et al., 2022|
^CYP9A31|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A32|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: BFC, BOMC |Amezian et al., 2022|
^CYP9A32|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, abamectin, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023| 
^CYP9A40|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate, abamectin,imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A40|Spodoptera exigua |B: chlorantraniliprole, alkoxycoumarins |Han et al., 2024|   
^CYP9A58|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A59|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023| 
^CYP9A61 |Cydia pomonella|E & O(Pichia):p-nitroanisole, activity inhibited by cypermethrin,permethrin, λ-cyhalothrin|Yang et al., 2017|
^CYP9A68|Chilo suppressalis|B:chlorantraniliprole, MR, EC, EFC, BFC |Xu et al., 2024| 
^CYP9A75|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A77|Spodoptera frugiperda |B: esfenvalerate, indoxacarb |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A98|Spodoptera exigua |B: imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A107|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate,imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A120|Cydia pomonella|B: λ-cyhalothrin|Li et al., 2022|
^CYP9A121|Cydia pomonella|B: λ-cyhalothrin|Li et al., 2022|
^CYP9A186|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate, imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A187|Spodoptera exigua |B: esfenvalerate, imperatorin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A186-F116V|Spodoptera exigua|B: emamectin benzoate, abamectin,  7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin= BFCOD|Zuo et al. 2021| 
^CYP9A187|Spodoptera exigua |B: NOT esfenvalerate, imperatorin or abamectin |Shi et al., 2023|
^CYP9A120|Cydia pomonella|B: λ-cyhalothrin, BMOR, BFC|Li et al., 2022 Bioxrviv| 
^CYP9A121|Cydia pomonella|B: λ-cyhalothrin, BMOR, BFC|Li et al., 2022 Bioxrviv| 
^CYP9A122|Cydia pomonella|B: λ-cyhalothrin, BMOR, BFC|Li et al., 2022 Bioxrviv| 
^CYP9E1|Diploptera punctata|P: sequiterpenoids|rev Feyereisen, 2005| 
^CYP9J5|Anopheles gambiae|E: pyriproxyfen|Yunta et al., 2016| 
^CYP9J5|Anopheles gambiae|E: permethrin, etofenprox, deltamethrin; NOT bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin,cypermethrin|Yunta et al., 2019|
^CYP9J5|Anopheles gambiae|E: chlorfenapyr|Yunta et al., 2023|
^CYP9J11|Anopheles funestus|E: permethrin,deltamethrin, bendiocarb|Riveron et al., 2017| 
^CYP9J24|Aedes aegypti|E: permethrin,deltamethrin|Stevenson et al., 2012| 
^CYP9J26|Aedes aegypti|E: permethrin,deltamethrin|Stevenson et al., 2012| 
^CYP9J28|Aedes aegypti|E: pyrethroids|Stevenson et al., 2012 Pavlidi et al.,2012|
^CYP9J32|Aedes aegypti|permethrin,deltamethrin, resorufins,luciferins|Stevenson et al., 2012| 
^CYP9J32|Aedes aegypti|chlorfenapyr|Yunta et al., 2023|
^CYP9J33|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP9J34|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP9J34|Culex pipiens pallens|E: deltamethrin |Du et al., 2024|
^CYP9J40|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP9J45|Culex quinquefasciatus|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Gong et al., 2022| 
^CYP9K1|Anopheles coluzzi|E: deltamethrin, NOT bendiocarb|Vontas et al. 2018| 
^CYP9K1|Anopheles funestus|E: deltamethrin, DDT  NOT permethrin|Hearn et al., 2022| 
^CYP9K1-G454A|Anopheles funestus|E: deltamethrin (better than wt)| Djoko et al., 2025|
^CYP9K1|Anopheles gambiae|E: chlorfenapyr|Yunta et al., 2023|
^CYP9M6v2|Aedes aegypti|B: permethrin|Kasai et al., 2014|
^CYP9M6v2|Aedes aegypti|B: permethrin|Kasai et al., 2014|
^CYP9M10|Culex quinquefasciatus|E: permethrin|Wilding et al., 2012| 
^CYP9Q1|Apis mellifera|B: tau-fluvalinate, coumaphos, quercetin |Mao et al.2011|
^CYP9Q1|Apis mellifera|B: nicotine | Haas et al., 2023|
^CYP9Q1|Apis mellifera|B:thiacloprid > imidacloprid |Manjon et al.2018| 
^CYP9Q2|Apis mellifera|B:thiacloprid > imidacloprid |Manjon et al.2018| 
^CYP9Q2|Apis mellifera|B: tau-fluvalinate, coumaphos|Mao et al.2011|
^CYP9Q2|Apis mellifera|B:flupyradifurone,7-benzyloxymethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin (BOMFC) |Haas et al. 2021,|
^CYP9Q2|Apis mellifera|B:chlorantraniliprole|Haas et al.2022|
^CYP9Q2|Apis mellifera|B:coumaphos, coumaphos oxon|Xiao et al.2024|
^CYP9Q3|Apis mellifera|B: tau-fluvalinate, coumaphos, quercetin |Mao et al.2011|
^CYP9Q3|Apis mellifera|B:thiacloprid > imidacloprid |Manjon et al.2018| 
^CYP9Q3|Apis mellifera|B:flupyradifurone,7-benzyloxymethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin (BOMFC)  7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)- coumarin (BFC )|Haas et al. 2021, Haas and Nauen 2021|
^CYP9Q3|Apis mellifera|B:chlorantraniliprole|Haas et al.2022|
^CYP9Q3|Apis mellifera|B:coumaphos, NOT coumaphos oxon|Xiao et al.2024|
^CYP9Q4|Bombus terrestris|B:thiacloprid, imidacloprid |Manjon et al.2018|
^CYP9Q5|Bombus terrestris|B:thiacloprid, imidacloprid |Manjon et al.2018|
^CYP9Q6|Bombus terrestris|B:thiacloprid, acetamiprid |Troczka et al.,2019| 
^CYP9Q orthologs| [[cyp9q_bees|bees]] |B:thiacloprid, imidacloprid,flupyradifurone, alkylcoumarins|[[cyp9q_bees|Haas et al.2022]]| 
^CYP9T1|Ips confusus|B: myrcene|Sandstrom etal. 2008| 
^CYP9T2|Ips pini|B: myrcene|Sandstrom et al. 2006|
^CYP9T2|Ips pini|B: myrcene, a-pinene, 3-carene, limonene not others|Song et al. 2013|
^CYP9T3|Ips pini|B: myrcene, a-pinene, 3-carene, limonene not others|Song et al. 2013| 
^CYP9BU1|Osmia bicornis|B: imidacloprid, thiacloprid|Beadle et al. 2019| 
^CYP9BU1|Osmia lignaria |B:thiacloprid, imidacloprid |Hayward et al., 2023|
^CYP9BU2|Osmia bicornis|B: thiacloprid > imidacloprid, alkoxycoumarins|Beadle et al. 2019|
^CYP9BU3|Chelostoma florisomme (Megachilidae)|B:thiacloprid > imidacloprid, 7MC, 7EC |Hayward et al., 2023|
^CYP9BU4|Dioxys cincta (Megachilidae)|B:thiacloprid > imidacloprid, alkoxycoumarins|Hayward et al., 2023| 
^CYP9BU5|Heriades truncorum (Megachilidae) |B: thiacloprid > imidaclprid, alkoxycoumarins  |Hayward et al., 2023|
^CYP9DM1, DM2 | Megachile rotundata |B: 7-methoxycoumarin, NOT thiacloprid or imidacloprid |Hayward et al., 2023  |
^CYP321A1|Helicoverpa zea|B:furanocoumarins, a-naphthoflavone, a-cypermethrin, aflatoxin B1, aldrin, diazinon|Sasabe et al., 2004 Rupasinghe et al., 2007 Niu et al., 2008| 
^CYP321A8|Spodoptera exigua|B:cypermethrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos|Hu et al. 2021|
^CYP321A8|Spodoptera frugiperda|P:chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, chloranthraniliprole| Chen et al., 2024|  
^CYP321A16|Spodoptera exigua|B:chlorpyrifos|Hu et al., 2020|
^CYP321A19|Spodoptera litura|B:indoxacarb, DCJW|Li et al., 2023|
^CYP321F3|Chilo suppressalis|B:chlorantraniliprole, MR, EC, EFC, BFC |Xu et al., 2024| 
^CYP324A12|Chilo suppressalis|B:chlorantraniliprole, MR, EC, EFC, BFC |Xu et al., 2024|     
^CYP332A1|Spodoptera exigua|B:chlorpyrifos|Hu et al., 2020| 
^[[cnglc|CYP332A3]]|Zygaena filipendula|Val/Ile aldoximes to acetone and 2-butanone cyanohydrins |Jensen et al., 2011| 
^CYP336A1|Apis mellifera|B: nicotine, alkaloids | Haas et al., 2023|
^CYP336|four Hymenoptera|B: nicotine, alkaloids | Haas et al., 2023|
^CYP337B3|Helicoverpa armigera|O:(H.armigera cell line)fenvalerate, cypermethrin, model substrates|Joussen et al., 2012 Rasool et al., 2014| 
^CYP337B3v2|Helicoverpa armigera |B:esfenvalerate, EC, aldrin|Shi et al. 2021| 
^CYP337B5|Spodoptera frugiperda|P: chlorantraniliprole| Guo et al., 2024|
^CYP345E2|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B: monoterpenes|Keeling et al., 2014|  
^CYP347W1|Phaedon cochleariae|B: alanine-CoA to >> isoxazoline & nitropropionic acid|Fu et al., 2021| 
^CYP402C1|Bemisia tabaci|B:imidacloprid|Guo et al., 2022| 
^CYP3107A10 (wrongly called CYP3A24)|Neoseiulus barkeri|B: chlorpyrifos| Yu et al., 2024|
^**CYP4 clan**||||
^[[cyp4c7|CYP4C7]]|Diploptera punctata|P: sesquiterpenoids|Sutherland et al., 1998| 
^CYP4C61|Nilaparvata lugens|B: tricin, hesperetin, proquamezine, NOT imidacloprid, nitenpyram, etofenprox|Zhang et al., 2024| 
^CYP4C62|Nilaparvata lugens|E: chlorpyrifos|Zhang et al 2023|  
^CYP4C71|Laodelphax striatellus|B: imidacloprid, p-nitroanisole|Xiao et al. 2020| 
^CYP4C78|Nilaparvata lugens|B: tricin, hesperetin, proquamezine, NOT imidacloprid, nitenpyram, etofenprox|Zhang et al., 2024|  
^[[cyp4g|CYP4G2]]|Musca domestica|B:octadecanal|Qiu et al. 2013|
^CYP4G11|Apis mellifera|B:octadecanal, tetradecanal|Calla et al. 2018|
^CYP6G16|Anopheles gambiae|B:octadecanal| Blabanidou et al.,2016|
^CYP4G55|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B:octadecanol, octadecanal,7-decenal|McLean et al. 2018|
^CYP4G56|Dendroctonus ponderosae|B:octadecanol, decanol, octadecanal,7-decenal|McLean et al. 2018| 
^CYP4P6|Bactrocera oleae|E: deltamethrin|Kampouraki et al., 2023|
^CYP4S24|Musca domestica|B: permethrin, ethoxycoumarin|Li et al., 2023| 
^CYP4CE1|Nilaparvata lugens|E: imidacloprid|Zhang et al., 2016| 
^CYP4CE1|Nilaparvata lugens|B: nitenpyram, imidacloprid|Zhang et al., 2024| 
^CYP4CE1|Nilaparvata lugens|B: nitenpyram, imidacloprid NOT tricin, hesperetin, proquamezine, etofenprox|Zhang et al., 2024|  
^CYP4FB1|Laodelphax striatellus|B: p-nitroanisole, 7-ethoxycoumarin |Yu et al. 2023 |   
^CYP325A ?|Anopheles funestus|E: pyrethroids|Wamba et al., 2021|
^CYP340G2|Spodoptera litura|B:indoxacarb, DCJW|Li et al., 2023|  
^[[rong|CYP340BD2]]|Ascotis selenaria|B: epoxide sex pheromone biosynthesis|Rong et al. 2019a| 
^[[rong|CYP341B14]]|Hyphantria cunea|B: epoxide sex pheromone biosynthesis|Rong et al.2014|
^[[rong|CYP341B14]]|Lemyra imparilis|B: epoxide sex pheromone biosynthesis|Rong et al. 2019b|  
^CYP389C16|Tetranychus cinnabarinus|E: cyflumetofen, pyridaben, AB-1|Feng et al., 2020| 
^[[cnglc|CYP405A2]]|Zygaena filipendula|Y:Val/Ile to their aldoximes |Jensen et al., 2011|
^CYP417A2v2|Laodelphax striatellus|B:imidacloprid,p-nitroanisole, 7EC |Miah et al. 2017|  
^CYP439A1v3|Laodelphax striatellus|B: deltamethrin, p-nitroanisole, EC, ER, reports negatives|Miah et al. 2019| 
^CYP439A1|Nilaparvata lugens|B: etofenprox |Yuan et al., 2025| 
^CYP439A2|Nilaparvata lugens|B: etofenprox NOT nitenpyram, imidacloprid,tricin, hesperetin, proquamezine|Zhang et al., 2024| 
^CYP439A2|Nilaparvata lugens|B: etofenprox |Yuan et al., 2025| 
^**Mito clan**||||
^CYP12A1|Musca domestica|P: aldrin, heptachlor, diazinon, azinphosmethyl, amitraz,progesterone, testosterone, 7-alkoxycoumarins|Guzov et al. 1998|  
^CYP301B1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: BOMR|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP301B1|Laodelphax striatellus|B: p-nitroanisole, 7-ethoxycoumarin |Yu et al. 2023 | 
^CYP302A1|Drosophila melanogaster|D:2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Warren et al. 2002|
^CYP302A1|Bombyx mori|D:2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Niwa et al. 2005|
^CYP302A1|Manduca sexta|D: 2,22-deoxyecdysone|Rewitz et al 2006|
^CYP302A1|Anopheles gambiae|D:2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Pondeville et al. 2008|
^CYP302A1|Mamestra brassicae|D: 2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Ogihara et al. 2017|
^CYP302A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: BOMR|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP302A1|Nilaparvata lugens |D: ketotriol- NO MET to 2dE|Zhou et al. 2020| 
^CYP314A1|Drosophila melanogaster|D: ecdysone|Petryk et al 2003| 
^CYP314A1|Manduca sexta|D: ecdysone|Rewitz et al 2006|
^CYP314A1|Bombyx mori|B: ecdysone|Meada et al. 2008| 
^CYP314A1|Anopheles gambiae|D: ecdysone|Pondeville et al. 2008|
^CYP314A1|Leptinotarsa decemlineata|B: ecdysone| Kong et al., 2014|
^CYP314A1|Mamestra brassicae|D: ecdysone|Ogihara et al. 2017|
^CYP314A1|Nilaparvata lugens |D: ecdysone|Zhou et al. 2020| 
^CYP315A1|Drosophila melanogaster|D:2-deoxyecdysone,2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Warren et al. 2002| 
^CYP315A1|Manduca sexta|D: 2-deoxyecdysone|Rewitz et al 2006|
^CYP315A1|Anopheles gambiae|D:2-deoxyecdysone, 2,22-dideoxyecdysone|Pondeville et al. 2008|
^CYP315A1|Mamestra brassicae|D: 2-deoxyecdysone|Ogihara et al. 2017|
^CYP315A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: ethoxycoumarin|Shi et al. 2022|
^CYP315A1|Nilaparvata lugens |D: 2-deoxyecdysone|Zhou et al. 2020| 
^CYP315A1|Apis mellifera|E: NOT imidacloprid or thiacloprid|Alptekin et al., 2016|
^CYP333B3|Helicoverpa armigera|B: ethoxycoumarin, aldrin|Shi et al. 2022|
^CYP339A1|Helicoverpa armigera|B: esfenvalerate|Shi et al. 2022| 
^CYP339A1|Spodoptera litura|B:indoxacarb, DCJW|Li et al., 2023|
^CYP353D1v2|Laodelphax striatellus|B: buprofezin, imidacloprid, p-nitroanisole|Elzaki et al., 2017a,b|